Head of Customs Field Operations Division Rwanda Revenue free essay sample

I I Its also important to note that Rwanda is a landlocked country surrounded by Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Tanzania and Uganda. This is to imply that it is a transit country tort consignments destined to its neighbors and heavily depends on imports from the major ports of Mambas in Kenya and Dark- sees- Salaam in Tanzania respectively. I I There has been various studies and reports produced by experts and indicated[l] the transit distances from the port of Mambas along the Northern Corridor member countries like Rwanda and Burundi are some of the longest I laming landlocked countries with an estimate of skim. Ill the transit charges ranked as high as 30-40 percent of CIFS value for Uganda and 50-70 percent for Rwanda and Burundi. Normally there are numerous inconveniences I leafed by landlocked countries like Rwanda such as the burden of unnecessary delays of goods in transit routes which increases transport cost of the goods on board, uncertainty of supplies which also hikes the cost of I I production, general lack of security for such goods, congestion of ports and borders due to cumbersome processes and procedures. We will write a custom essay sample on Head of Customs Field Operations Division Rwanda Revenue or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I I The Rwanda Private sector Federation conducted two separate studies at efferent intervals across the East African Region to establish major obstacles that threaten the movement of goods in the region in what is referred I Tit as Non Tariff barriers (Ants) and analyses their negative impact on trade. The findings on both occasions have been shared in Partner States and the Council of Ministers directed the EACH secretariat to draw a time bound I Program for their total elimination in the region. Each member country has its own Ants but the following are the common ones identified; Police Escort mechanism which cause delays of transit cargo I I Inadequate I I Elements of Corruption along the Northern and Central Corridors particularly at roadblocks, weighbridge and border gates which increase the cost of doing business increased cost of business I Lund harmonicas Port Charges lead to I Lengthy procedures for issuing work permits among EACH countries I Inadequate quality of infrastructural services I Lack of verification sheds and parking yards at border posts I Charges by Container freight stations I Varying application of axle load specifications I Delays at the Ports which affect imports and exports through the ports. I Tied up guarantee UN cancelled for many months due to manual processes I In 1997 Rwanda Revenue Authority (ERA) was established as a semi autonomous organization under Ministry of Finance and economic planning, charged with the mandate to undertake the administration and accountability of taxes,l Duties and non fiscal revenue which include driving license fees, visa fees and passport in Rwanda. ERA Vision: I l To become a world class efficient and modern revenue agency, fully financing national needs I Mission: I l Mobiles revenues for economic development through efficient and equitable services that promote business gar I Core strategic Values: I I Integrity I Customer focus I Transparency I Professional service delivery I Team work I Rwanda Revenue Authority has two operational Departments I Customs Service Department: I The department is headed by a commissioner deputies by four Heads of division, operations division, Trade management, compliance and policy and business development. The mission statement: I l To contribute to the achievement of ERA objectives by efficiently maximizing the collection of all revenues due on imports and to facilitate trade through provision of efficient and equitable services to stakeholders I I Domestic Tax Department also headed by a missioner with two deputies one for large Taxpayers Office (L TO) and another for Small and Medium taxpayers office (SMOOTH), the mission statement: To contribute to the I Liechtenstein of ERA objective by maximizing revenue collection at minimum cost and providing quality input to tax policy development, while providing a high quality, courteous and equitable services to taxpayers and other I I stakeholders I Support department include: I Revenue Protection Department Quality Assurance Department I Research and Planning Department I CIT Department I Taxpayers Department I Legal and Board secretariat

Free Essays on Welfare To Work

Welfare-to-Work Responsible for Child’s Death? In his documentary about gun violence in the United States, Bowling for Columbine, Director/Producer Michael Moore seemingly implied that the government has the greater responsibility for the shooting of a six-year-old little girl, Kayla Rolland, by a six-year-old little boy, Dedrick Owens. Kayla Rolland and Dedrick Owens were classmates in the first grade at Buell Elementary in Beecher, Michigan. On February 29, 2000, Dedrick took a gun from his uncle’s home, where his family had been living, and took it with him to school where he shot Kayla over an argument they had had the previous day. The shooting resulted in Kayla’s death. Dedrick’s mother, Tamarla Owens, had been a welfare recipient, and as such, was participating in Michigan’s Welfare-to-Work program (WtW). In the movie, Moore and others made several inflammatory comments that insinuated the WtW program contributed to Kayla Rolland’s death. We believe many of these comments to be outright lies or omissions of truth in order to divert attention away from those really responsible – the child’s parents. Moore’s claims regarding WtW are as follows: it forced Owens to get a job if she wanted continued benefits, such as foods stamps and health care; she was required to â€Å"work off† the welfare money the state had previously given her; despite working up to seventy hours per week, she could not afford to pay her rent; unable to pay her rent, she was forced to live with her brother, who owned a handgun; due to the busy work schedule forced upon her by the state, she was unable to supervise her child; due to a lack of supervision, her son was able to take the handgun to school and shoot Kayla. Let us try to reason out the state’s culpability, using Moore’s logic. If the state did not have the WtW program, using only her welfare benefit along with food stamps and Medicaid, Owens would have been able to affor... Free Essays on Welfare To Work Free Essays on Welfare To Work Welfare-to-Work Responsible for Child’s Death? In his documentary about gun violence in the United States, Bowling for Columbine, Director/Producer Michael Moore seemingly implied that the government has the greater responsibility for the shooting of a six-year-old little girl, Kayla Rolland, by a six-year-old little boy, Dedrick Owens. Kayla Rolland and Dedrick Owens were classmates in the first grade at Buell Elementary in Beecher, Michigan. On February 29, 2000, Dedrick took a gun from his uncle’s home, where his family had been living, and took it with him to school where he shot Kayla over an argument they had had the previous day. The shooting resulted in Kayla’s death. Dedrick’s mother, Tamarla Owens, had been a welfare recipient, and as such, was participating in Michigan’s Welfare-to-Work program (WtW). In the movie, Moore and others made several inflammatory comments that insinuated the WtW program contributed to Kayla Rolland’s death. We believe many of these comments to be outright lies or omissions of truth in order to divert attention away from those really responsible – the child’s parents. Moore’s claims regarding WtW are as follows: it forced Owens to get a job if she wanted continued benefits, such as foods stamps and health care; she was required to â€Å"work off† the welfare money the state had previously given her; despite working up to seventy hours per week, she could not afford to pay her rent; unable to pay her rent, she was forced to live with her brother, who owned a handgun; due to the busy work schedule forced upon her by the state, she was unable to supervise her child; due to a lack of supervision, her son was able to take the handgun to school and shoot Kayla. Let us try to reason out the state’s culpability, using Moore’s logic. If the state did not have the WtW program, using only her welfare benefit along with food stamps and Medicaid, Owens would have been able to affor...

Do you believe adultolescents are helped or hindered by the efforts of Essay

Do you believe adultolescents are helped or hindered by the efforts of their parents - Essay Example that should be quickly noted is the fact that this level of dependence does nothing to inspire or persuade the individual in question to test the waters of the world and step out/take risk on their own. Rather than doing what the countless generations before them have done, this trend represents a negative step in the wrong direction for a group of future leaders that are too timid to risk discomfort or failure. Similarly, one cannot be too harsh on the given demographic trend that Tyre is denoting due to the fact that economic constraints affect this generation that have not been seen in many decades within the American cultural experience. Although Tyre compares the â€Å"adultolescents† of today with the â€Å"Woodstock† generation that were teething to get free of the oppressive constraints that their parents and society seemingly placed upon them, the fact of the matter is that a different paradigm exists today which means that jobs are increasingly impossible to come by and the economic concerns that face such a generation are such that have not been seen since the Great Depression. Says Tyre: â€Å"Unlike the Woodstock generation, this current crop of twentysomethings aren’t building their adult identity in reaction to their parents’ way of life. In the 1960’s, kids crowed about not trusting anyone over 30; these days, they can’t live without them. ‘We are seeing a closer relationship between generations than we have seen since World War II,’ says University of Maryland psychologist Jeffrey Jensen Arnett. â€Å"These young people genuinely like and respect their parents† (Tyre 1) Finally, with respect to how such an approach either helps or hinders the growth and development of the adultolsecents in question, it is the belief of this author that such an approach, although having significant merit and rational based upon the trying times that are currently experienced, is necessarily bad for the growth and development of the individual. Rather

Strategic Management Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Strategic Management Analysis - Essay Example The Company focuses on transforming personal transportation by introducing vehicles that will use electricity rather that the norm of fuel consumption vehicles.The Company was founded by Agassi and its headquarters are in R&D center which is in Israel as well as in California and Palo Alto. Mission The mission set by Better Place Companyis to be able to accelerate the change from the use of oil based vehicles to the adoption of vehicles that are powered by renewable energy that is they have zero emission. Vision Its vision is to be a company that is aimed at creating great linkages between the car companies, the battery companies as well as the consumers and utilities in a way that will ensure that the adoption of the Electric Vehicles (EV) is a success. Better Place is geared towards ensuring that the automobile industry adopts a profitable change by propelling the consumers to be able to embrace the adoption of the EVs. Stakeholders A stakeholder simply refers to people, organizati on or groups that have a specific interest in an organization. Being a company that deals with automobiles Better place managers have to always give more attention to the expectations of those stakeholders that are directly involved in the industry. This is due to the fact that the influence and success of the company depends primarily on such stakeholders. The stakeholders include governments, the battery manufacturers, car companies, automobile manufacturers, investors, potential consumers for the EV as well as other private companies. With regards to the way in which each stakeholder influences the success or the failure of the business strategy Better place has three types of stakeholders (Johnson, p.156). These are: The socio/political stakeholders-these are mainly the governments as well as the agencies that are supporting the adoption of the company’s strategy. For instance the governments that have embraced the adoption of the Electric Vehicles are Israel, Denmark, Au stralia, Japan, Toronto and Hawaii. In order for Better Place to be able to attract the government, industry as well as the capital for the adoption of the EV model a number of challenges was faced: These were-the lack of marketing strategy to create awareness about better place in order to build its reputation. The second challenge was trying to convince the decision makers in government and business that the use of the Electric Vehicles was a viable mode of transport. Economic stakeholders-These include the manufacturers, the competitors as well as the suppliers. For instance, the battery manufacturers such as LG Chem and the car companies such as Toyota. Technological stakeholders-These includes the competitors who come up with new technologies that are aimed at improving the industry standards. Better Place Company through the expectations of its stakeholders aims at making a difference by ensuring that the form of transport used worldwide is environmental friendly. The impact o f the company has been seen throughout the years and it is clear that in the case that the company will not have materialized, the hope for a personal transport that has zero emissions would have been lost. Better PlaceCompany is dependent on its stakeholders due to the fact that its implementation primarily depends on their approval as well as continuation of the supply chain. For instance for Israel to fully embrace the Electric Vehicles it was necessary for the government to grant the company permission to start up the venture.Below is a figure showing power/interest matrix: Industry and Scenario Analyses Industry and scenario analysis does not rely on

Where burgers are smashed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Where burgers are smashed - Essay Example However, if one looks into the business more closely, it could be observed that there are a few who are able to succeed while many are simply able to make the business going and there are still others who totally fail. This brings one to consider what could be special about a burger product that makes a business survive in a world where pioneers are already commanding much of the American taste. Surely, a business cannot survive solely on the management skills of business people but also relies on the quality of the product. Smashburger, a burger business that could still be considered an infant, birthed in 2007 is one of the ambitious companies that only wished to bring better tasting burgers to the consumers, has proven that bringing quality products can expand the business to one hundred and forty three outlets throughout the nation in just a few years. The company is fast expanding and foresees a more promising future in the next two years. So what makes their quality burger diff erent from others who claim to offer the same quality? Jennifer, a waitress at the outlet near our place says, â€Å"Our burgers are made from freshly smashed quality beef, that is why the name. And I think that is what makes us different because of the manner the burger is cooked, making it juicier and more delicious.† ... I think that is simply brilliant because it causes a domino effect from the company to the employees and of course, to the customers.† I ask Freda what she meant by this statement and she further say, â€Å"Our employer looks for a good location where the atmosphere gives us a positive outlook, we in turn appreciate this and come to work everyday with that attitude. We make sure that the place looks just like how it is expected by our customers and employers, have our ready smiles which I believe are very important in any business, because we are naturally attracted to places where the ambiance is good and the people are not rude.† I approach a third person, this time a customer, Jerome. I ask him what he thinks make Smashburger different from other burgers and he replies, â€Å"I come to this place a lot of times and what I like most is not just the delicious foods but also the variety they offer. You go to one place and all they offer are burgers, French fries and hot dog. You can just get sick with the same food everyday, you know and that usually drives me off from places like this. Here, I do not just get my favorite burgers; I can also try other menu like chicken sandwiches or make my own burger. I really like the grilled chicken. I can smell how it is perfectly marinated, just with the aroma, as it is served on the table. And it is tender, which is very important because most grilled products tend to dry and become tough. The color looks perfect without the burnt look that makes me off.† The comments about this fast growing food chain are just awesome and nothing negative seems to be said about it. It seems I am in for a treat for myself with all the words of those people and I guess I owe myself a

Religious Healthcare Organisation

Religious Healthcare Organisation Religious Health Care Introduction I work for the firm of consulting. Religious Health Care of Middleville community have hired us to recognize and assess its strategic performance and to appraise and share concerns from the response’s that have been obtained from quite a few religious leaders in the region. These results will be shared with the CEO and the governing board. Our consulting firm has one rule, â€Å"Never present a condemnation or unconstructive finding devoid of recommending how the organization of clients’ can improve it.† There are a lot of significant elements for improving the organization’s core functions. We will describe the five (5) mainly significant elements that we sense will advantage Religious Health Care and will create an efficient and productive HCO. The governing board functions are vital and by addressing the subsequent improvements in the governing board, will have a productive and efficient HCO. The following will provide the steps to the five most significant elements that the governing board must improve upon: Selecting and operational with the CEO: selecting a CEO, instituting an efficient relationship, assess executive performance and award successes; as well evaluating policies for recruiting, compensating and developing other managers and sustaining a plan for succession of management (Griffith White, 2010). The board not merely selects and works with the CEO’s however it continues its relationships above time. Establishing the vision, mission, and values: agreeing on core values of the organization and common goals and expressing them as a directing concept (Griffith White, 2010). Approving annual budget and strategies to execute the mission: selecting the foremost lines of investment regular with the vision and mission, balancing the vision in opposition to financial realities, and approve plans for execution (Griffith White, 2010). Sustaining the eminence of care: identifying goals for effective, safe, patient-centered, efficient, timely, and equitable care and sustaining an organization that will draw and sustain the mainly competent nurses, physicians, and further caregivers (Griffith White, 2010). Monitoring outcomes for conformity to laws, goals, and regulation: reviewing progress in the direction of implementation by means of benchmarks and events in the community to recognize opportunities of improvement (Griffith White, 2010). We consider that the three (3) mainly significant areas of key performance that will construct for a well-established health care organization are: Building and maintaining a strong and responsible executive team: The mainly vital activity that Religious Health Care can carry out that would be decisive to its financial accomplishment is building and maintaining a sturdy team. It needs a team operational in the direction of the vision and mission to be thriving. No one person in all healthcare organizations, can perhaps own the intellect, insight, or knowledge base to place an organization for success by them. Interviewed executives hardly ever employ the word I. â€Å"Employ of the expression team is persistent in all we execute, from planning in the course of implementation of strategy. These endeavors are not the effect of individuals functioning alone,† says William Nelson. (Griffith White, 2010). Internal operations: capability to offer competitive service, efficiency quality,and accessibility of service. This demonstrates the expenditure of each unit’s care; it computes quality and safety of care and the relevance of rendered services (Griffith White, 2010). Cost: costs, physical counts, and resource situation. This dimension illustrates supply counts, hours of nurses, and vehicles (Griffith White, 2010). Religious can supervise in its emergency room its nursing staff performance by using the subsequent performance measures: Demand: patients number and emergencies percentage. This is calculated in the emergency room by urgent services given to every patient. Demand as well calculates such features as the variation and average in demand, delays for urgent and scheduled service and counts of disruptions or cancellations in process of scheduling (Griffith White, 2010). Satisfaction of Patient: percentage of â€Å"extremely satisfied† in opposition to the number of complaints. The satisfaction of patient is evaluated by surveys that inquire every patient’s satisfaction with the eminence of care given and patient education in relation to any concerns or symptoms. Satisfaction of Patient is evaluated by surveys that deal with such issues as reassurance, personal care, and patient education (Griffith White, 2010). Satisfaction of Physician: referring physicians and physicians attending percentage that are â€Å"extremely satisfied† in opposition to the complaints number. Satisfaction of Physician is particularly significant in view of the fact that the physician is the vertebrae of any organization; devoid of the physicians there might be no organization. This can as well be made with surveys that are completed by physicians attending who rate every physician by her or his performance; on satisfaction of patient and complaints of patient (Griffith White, 2010). By glancing at the admissions number at Religious in opposition to Samaritan’s in Middleville, Religious has fewer admission. Religious can get better on their admissions by ensuring that patients obtain quality care, making sure that every patient is taken care of in a appropriate manner, and ensure that every patient and family member is communed to on their condition and the procedures essential to the welfare of the patient. They can as well get better by doing a scrutiny of admissions; this would assist to perceive where there might be a trouble and how it can be corrected to construct the admissions percentage better. The position of Religious Health Care might be the reason that Samaritan obtains additional admittance. If patients are nearer or live nearer to one facility to a certain extent than the other, the patient will set off to the closest facility to their closeness. Religious can as well advance on their admissions by providing the finest in primary care of every patient; ensure that their facility is secure for patients by carrying out procedures of quality control and offering training for any person or persons that might not fall in compliance and offer each patient with quality care in a appropriate manner. Religious Healthcare might as well improve its image by sustaining its excellence of service by rewarding efficient devoted associates who will then continue being loyal customers. Religious can as well construct relationships with further religious groups in the society by offering free screenings of blood pressure, blood drawing clinics and conducting seminars that could encourage wellness and prevention of disease. Materials can as well be published and distributed at workplace and schools that provides advice and insights on prevention of disease and wellness. Religious Healthcare can also employ the data warehouse system to scrutinize electronic medical records, its human resources, materials management, payroll, marketing and planning, and additional information systems. Religious Health Care by means of the data warehouse, can execute internal management audits by accumulating data on satisfaction of customer, staff satisfaction, hours worked and supplies used and absenteeism,. (Griffith White, 2010) Religious Health Care will have data that would be concise and clear consecutively to manage and preserve a completely efficient health care organization. Religious Health Care can as well utilize a distinctive accounting enterprise system to carry out collections and billing; supplies management; payroll management; financial accounting and reporting; cost finding and reporting cash and investment management; and budget developments (Griffith White, 2010). The entire of these things establish if the Heath Care Organization is appropriately supervised financially. Conclusion Religious Health Care in conclusion, will be thriving in all areas by following the over recommendations consecutively to offer 100% satisfaction of customer; management will be portrayed properly and conveyed in the health care organization and the nursing staff will be executing at higher standards which will consecutively build up into loyal patients and the community are deemed in its strategies of marketing. Reference Griffin, J. R. White, K.R. (2010) The well-managed healthcare organization. (7th. Ed). Chicago: Health Administration Press.

Societal Corruption in The Broken Jug by Heinrich Von Kleist Essay

The Broken Jug is a comedy, written by Heinrich Von Kleist in the Eighteenth century, which is centered on the theme of injustices in society. The play reveals the scandalous affairs of a corrupt legal system, in which the judge, a traditional symbolic figure of peace and nobility and social equality, is instead exposed as an incarnate form of a morally corrupt and perverse society. Each of the plays major characters are therefore created as figures that serve as implicit representations of Kleist's moral and political views. In The Broken Jug, Kleist constructs a literary structure in which symbolism plays a crucial role in defining the essential nature of the play. As a result of this structure, we often see discrepancies between the "real and symbolic" themes in the play. Kleist constructs the play and its characters around superficial appearances that later reveal their symbolic or "real" nature. A consistent theme in Kleist's work is that of trust and this aspect is figured prominently throughout the comedy. Kleist maintains a strong belief that all genuine human relationships should be based upon feelings expressed in the form of unquestioning confidence. This is because feelings derived from reason and rational, serve merely to deceive and create a false sensual experience that is not real. Emotional experiences that originate from the heart, however, cannot be deceived and are therefore authentic and real. Kleist therefore uses a form of juxtaposition in the play to create an almost irreconcilable tension between the idealistic notions of emotional freedom and that of determinism, which is defined by a sense of total and rational order. His work poses a paradox between the contradicting ideas on freedom and r... ...clever human being whose imagination enables him to escape the net of lies and excuses which he has, often deliberately, constructed. Operating from the "will to power" of his individual desires, Adam is driven by his desire for the young woman and eventually finds himself caught in the determinisms of the law and society. In addition to being an ambiguous symbol of a young woman's (potentially) lost reputation, the broken jug becomes a symbol of the "vessel" of the community that is being cracked by the self-centered actions of individuals. The jug is therefore crucial to an understanding of Eve's personality and to the re-attainment of some moral balance. In the final scene, The Broken Jug resorts to the traditional conclusion of marriage. Ruprecht asks for and receives Eve's forgiveness. Kleist uses their relationship to exhibit issues of individual freedom.

Report on E-Commerce Security

TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT 2 1. INTRODUCTION 3 2. Features of E-commerce: 4 2. 1. Security role in present E-commerce: 4 2. 2. Security Factors in E-commerce: 5 3. Security Technologies: 7 3. 1. Secure Electronic Transaction (SET): 7 3. 2. Secure Socket Layer (SSL): 8 3. 3. Firewall: 8 4. Conclusion: 9 5. References: 11 ABSTRACT In the E-commerce security is most important point because a website is to protect the valuable information. It plays a vital role to provide security to the customer information. It mainly deals when the customer doing the online transactions. By this security support the customer has trusted on the E-commerce website as well as they protects their personal information from the thief’s and hackers. This day security has been implemented in a different way like Secure Sockets Layer, Integrity, Authentication, Encryption and Secure Payment. Integrity ensures of the remainders of data as is of the seller to the customer. Encryption deals with hide the information cannot spy on the others information. This report describes the security technologies in the E-commerce system and issues involving the E-commerce security technologies. . INTRODUCTION E- Commerce is also known as online commerce. E-commerce refers to exchange the goods and services over the internet. It includes retail shopping, banking, stocks and bonds trading, auctions, real estate transactions, air line booking, movie rentals nearly anything you can imagine in the real world. Even personal services such as hair and nail salons can benefit from e-commerce by providing a website for the sale of related health and beauty products, normally available to local customers exclusively. The main aim of this report conveying the security technologies of E-commerce website Security is the authorized conception in E-commerce website the main notion of security is protecting the customer personal details and banking information. Its mostly involve with four basic principles such as Privacy, Integrity, Authentication, Non-repudiation. The E-commerce website should be built on the security technology and it should be very secure. Secure Sockets layer provides support for protect pages and encrypts the whole thing a user sends-nobody else can read the data . Strong encryption and authentication certificate makes web site more secure and invites more customers. ( Lee, 2001) 2. Features of E-commerce: Ubiquity: Is the ability to be present in every place at any time, unbounded or universal presence. With help of internet it makes easier and possible for consumer and companies to be in contact with each another. The wish of customers to buy goods and services online can make so much constantly and practically any place. It reduces the cost of transaction, the cost to take part in the market and lower the mental effort required to achieve a transaction. Richness: Website richness mainly depends upon the interactivity and interaction it give the useful information on the website about each product and services for searching. It also gives more details about services what they are offering. It will make a contact between the seller and customer. Condition notices are strongly advised by the seller to understand before buying a product. Maintain vast information about products and services makes more sales and creating money making environment. (David, 2000) Global Reach: The main concept of the global reach is grabbing the attention of user’s through out the world by providing the different language in the website so that the site can be used in worldwide and it access by every one. Provide online customer services, secure the transaction processing. Site should be very interactive to the customers and giving a good quality information about products and information is understandable. Provide fast and efficient services lead to competitive global advantage. 2. 1. Security role in present E-commerce: Security plays a vital role in the present E-commerce it helps to keep secure the                               customers information and doing the secured online transactions. Every E-commerce    website giving server side security and complex on Data confidentiality, Data integrity, Availability, Nonrepudation and third party systems as supplies for facilitating E- Business transactions. Security is very helpful to the E-business. With out security customers never do the online transactions because of hackers. 2. . Security Factors in E-commerce: One of the significant success factors of E-commerce is its security, it kept secure the credit card details and extremely sensitive personal information of the customers. E-commerce security depends on a complex interrelationship between different components including the application development platforms, database management systems, and system software and network infrastructure. Privacy: Privacy makes that only ce rtified left edge reach information in any system. Information should not be distributed to the left and that should not be received it. The service off flexibility off integrity only to the approved people edge make exchanges with documents transmitted over the network Authentication: Authentication ensures that the origin off year electronic message is properly identified. Given It has possibilities to who feels the message from where gold which machine. Without appropriate authentication, it very hardware to know which passed year order and the order placed is true gold not. (David, 2000) Non-repudiation: it’s much closed to the authentication, in this sender boat refuses the sending particular messages and receiver boat rejects the receiving messages. Not-repudiation involves the technical like digital signature, conformation services and time stamps. Digital Signature has distinctive to identify for individual like written signature. Advantages of Security in E-commerce: The internet gives the much benefits to the customer through that the customer can has a chance to browse and do shopping there suitability and their place. They can access the service from office and home as they like it is available 24/7. †¢ Protect the privacy and reliability of network transactions. †¢ Encrypted and secure payment online. †¢ Increase the volume of purchases, improve the relationship with customers. †¢ With the help of e-commerce can promote products globally. †¢ Identify the users and merchants on the network. †¢ Look after E-commerce website and enterprise networks from attacks by hackers. †¢ Protect the personal information of E-commerce users. 3. Security Technologies: Security is the most important issue for E-commerce it gives security to the website, these security services are provided to ensure basic E-commerce requirements. Security services provide a way for safe, authentic, and reliable communications between two or more parties. Security not only includes that the information stays within the communicating parties but also it can be verified and noted as authentic. Signing of contracts, registration of mail, disclosures, anonymity, and authorization schemes of the real world must be able to be replicated and done in the electronic world. . 1. Secure Electronic Transaction (SET): Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) is a system for ensuring the security of financial transactions on the Internet. It was supported initially by MasterCard, Visa, Microsoft, Netscape, and others. It is one of the international security standards in E-commerce. SET is a protocol proposed by a number of groups and different companies. It’s mainly focus on gi ving guarantee security for electronic payment. SET including some key technologies such as shared key, public key, digital signature, electronic envelop and electronic certificate. After this there is a problem with operating systems and application systems, on these basis hackers improved their attack skills on customer information. Key Security Elements: E-commerce using different key security elements such as Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), E-mail, Electronic fund Transfer and other internet technologies lead to exchange the information of business with individuals, companies and countries. It makes transactions safe and more reliable. Encryption and Data Integrity is one of the key technologies in E-commerce, Encryption is the major security measure adopted in E-commerce. It can make sure confidentiality of information in the transaction process like PIN of credit card 3. 2. Secure Socket Layer (SSL): The SSL protocol was originally developed by Netscape, to ensure security of data transported and routed through HTTP, LDAP or POP3 application layers. SSL is designed to make use of TCP as a communication layer to provide a reliable end-to-end secure and authenticated connection between two points over a network (for example between the service client and the server). Notwithstanding this SSL can be used for protection of data in transit in situations related to any network service, it is used mostly in HTTP server and client applications. 3. 3. Firewall: A firewall is a barrier to keep destructive forces away from your property. In fact, that's why it’s called a firewall. Its job is similar to a physical firewall that keeps a fire from spreading from one area to the next. Firewalls are essential elements in e-commerce security strategy it is used to protect the e-commerce applications and website. Firewalls needed clearly defined security policies must be correctly installed and maintained to afford consistent and efficient security protection. It’s mainly addresses the problems such as Denial of service and Distributed denial of service. Firewalls working as a hardware and software, it prevents unauthorized persons access the private networks connected to the internet. 4. Conclusion: Finally conclude that the security is very significant when designing year E-trade website. E-trade has increasingly become the mode off conducting business. The purpose off this resulting paper is to stimulate discussion one the question concerning the security system off E-trade; things increased in the paper are not regarded ace conclusive. It hopes that suitable information will be identified for discussion 5. References: Chan, H. , Lee, R. , Dillon, T. , ;Chang, E. (2001). E-commerce: Fundamental Application. John Wiley; son, West Sussex, England. David, W. (2000). E-commerce: Strategy, Technologies and Applications. McGraw Hill, University Press, Cambridge. Elias, M. A. (2000). Electronic Commerce: From Vision to Fulfillment (3rd Ed. . Pearson Edition. Security Elements. (2005). Retrieved April 30, 2009, from http://wiki. media-culture. org. au/index. php/E-commerce_-_Overview_-_Security Advantages of Security. (2007). Retrieved April 26, 2008, from http://www. isos. com. my/ecommerce/advantages. htm Secure Socket Layer. (2006). Retrieved April 27, 2009, from   http://unpan1. un. org/intradoc/groups/public/documents. apcity/unpan0 00364. pdf Secure Electronic Transaction. (1999). Retrieved April 28, 2009, from   http://www. aph. gov. au/library/pubs/rp/1998-99/99rp12. htm#CRY

A Brief History of the Dragon Boat Festival

A Brief History of the Dragon Boat Festival The Dragon Boat Festival is called Duan Wu Jie in Chinese. Jie means festival.  The most popular theory of the origin of the festival is that it was derived from the  commemoration of a great patriot poet,  Qu Yuan. Since some of the well-known traditions of the festival existed even before Qu Yuan, other origins of the festival have also been suggested. Wen Yiduo suggested that the festival may be closely  associated with dragons  because two of its  most important activities, boat racing and eating zongzi, have ties to dragons. Another view is that the festival  originated from the taboo of evil days. The fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar is traditionally considered an evil month and the fifth of the month is particularly a bad day, so a lot of taboo had been developed. Most likely, the festival was gradually derived from all of the above,  and the story of Qu Yuan adds to the allure of the festival today. The Legend of the Festival Like other Chinese festivals, there is also a legend behind the festival. Qu Yuan served in the court of Emperor Huai during the Warring States Period (475 - 221 BC). He was a wise and erudite man. His ability and fight against corruption antagonized other court officials. They exerted their evil influence on the emperor, so the emperor gradually dismissed Qu Yuan and eventually exiled him. During his exile, Qu Yuan did not give up. He traveled extensively, taught and wrote about his ideas. His works, the Lament (Li Sao), the Nine Chapters (Jiu Zhang), and Wen tian are masterpieces and invaluable for studying ancient Chinese culture. He saw the gradual decline of his mother country, the Chu State. And when he heard that the Chu State was defeated by the strong Qin State, he was in such despair that he ended his life by flinging himself into the Miluo River. Legend says after people heard he drowned, they were greatly dismayed. Fishermen raced to the spot in their boats to search for his body. Unable to find his body, people threw zongzi, eggs, and other food into the river to feed fish. Since then, people commemorated Qu Yuan through dragon boat races, eating zongzi and other activities on the anniversary of his death, the fifth of the fifth month. Festival Foods Zongzi is the most popular food for the festival. It  is a special kind of dumpling usually made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo leaves. Unfortunately, fresh bamboo leaves are hard to find. Today you may see zongzi in different shapes and with a variety of fillings. The most popular shapes are triangular and pyramidal. The fillings include dates, meat and egg  yolks, but the most popular fillings are dates. During the festival, people are reminded of the importance of loyalty and commitment to the community.  Dragon boat races may be Chinese in origin, but today they  are held worldwide.

The eNotes Blog 2002 Has No Idea What Youre Talking About,2012!

2002 Has No Idea What Youre Talking About,2012! A couple of years ago, my then 10-year-old son declared that everything is the best it could ever be. He was quite sure that, new iPhone in hand,  nothing  could surpass the (then) current marvels of the Modern World.   I was just as sure that everything could and would be surpassed. Twenty-five years ago, if you told any adult that typewriters would be as extinct as the buffalo, no one would have believed it.   Today, 95% my 19 and 20-year-old students have never even  touched  a typewriter. I have seen card catalog cabinets busted up for firewood (not really, but you get it). I remember when floppy disks really  were floppy.  Now there arent even disks! I remember when. excuse me, Hey, kid! Get off my lawn!!   Anyway, a group of friends and I got into a discussion about what has changed in the last  ten  years. I asked them to come up with sentences that would have made  no sense  to someone in 2002.   Here is what we came up with: 1.   Ã‚  Theres an app for that! 2.   You can download movies to your tv and control it with your Android tablet. 3.   Did you check in? Im the mayor of this coffee shop. 4.   Ill Facebook you. 5.   Ill Text YouIll IM You. 6.   I just got this 4D camera. 7.   I can de-friend anybody I want to. 8.   Ã‚  I am going to put all these thumbnails on my flashdrive. 9.   I asked a silly question and got over 60 responses from all over the country in a matter of a few minutes. 10.   Ã‚  I 3D printed a new handle for my suitcase. 11.   Call Homeland Security. 12.   Dang it! I got busted by a red-light camera. 13.   Did you see the Tupac hologram? 14.   Theres a fee for checked in baggage. 15.   Let me check Snookis Twitter feed. 16.   I drove over a cliff because I trusted my GPS. 17.   Hey, wanna Skype? 18.   Gay marriage was approved by voters in several states. 19.   We elected a black president. Twice! 20.   I store my books and music in the cloud. 21.   I dont know what time that show comes on. Everythings on the DVR. 22.   Send that PDF to my FTP. 23.   Stream it. 24.   Ill download the podcast from iTunes. 25.   Ã‚  Park in the Blink so we can recharge the car. 26.   thx ttyl kbye o_0 27.   Can I haz cheeseburger? 28.   Do you have a Tumblr? 29.   Would you take a picture of my paycheck and send it to BofA? 30.   Occupy Wall Street 31.   Fracking destroys water supplies. What about you? Can you think of any more words in common use that would not have made sense in 2002? Wed love to hear them.   Who knows what is coming, and what will be obsolete by 2022.

Unity (1918) and the Evolution of Disease Essay

Unity (1918) and the Evolution of Disease - Essay Example The evolution of the disease itself (and, indeed, any disease) unfolds in much the same way as the action in Unity, with people going through biological and psychological reactions to the illness, as the people in the town react to the disease itself. The purpose of this paper is to explore the similarities between the way a disease evolves and how the community evolved in reaction to Spanish Influenza. The community of Unity went through several changes from paranoia and fear to blame and devastation, as a disease would. The action in Unity relies on an infection metaphor in a number of ways. In the play, Kerr uses the small town itself as a representation of the Canadian national front with the influenza itself representing a German invader, as in the just-ended First World War. The fear of the disease is similar to the fear of the enemy, an interesting topic considering the historical setting of the play. Biologically, most people have a fear of becoming ill, and a further fear of death. The Spanish Influenza was likely to kill because of its virulent nature, and the fear of death here can be found in both the fear of invasion and the fear of disease. It is interesting that Kerr here combines the infection metaphor with the historical context to add further depth to the play. Infection and war have very similar ways of manifesting themselves, usually becoming worse without action . The war is a useful backdrop for an infection metaphor, because it highlights the similarities between the two. In Unity the inhabitants of the community fight against the infection in very militaristic terms, using expressions such as ‘take up arms’. In the medical world, similar lexis is used when considering how to combat disease; we ‘fight’ an infection, and ‘kill’ a fever. As an illness manifests itself, medicine becomes more useful to ‘combat’ the disease, and as a war starts, it is necessary to ‘combat’ the enemy. Kerr uses these similarities very wisely, particularly by bringing in a third concept of ‘combat’ centred on the town of Unity and their attitudes towards the Spanish flu, intricately using all three concepts in a similar way. The town of Unity, before the disease hits, has a fear and a paranoia of the Spanish Influenza, even going to such lengths to ban trains from stopping in the town and going to extreme lengths to prevent the spread. This can be compared to the more modern paranoia about the AIDS epidemic. In this case, many people that have no connection to the disease have a fear of catching it, which is a similar reaction to many diseases. Before Unity has any direct contact with the Spanish flu, extreme measures are taken to prevent the disease. There are a number of actions by governments worldwide to instil fear about the AIDS epidemic, too, which is metaphorically very similar to the actions taken by the town of Unity in reaction to the Spanish flu. It has been shown that fear of disease is one of the most common fears surrounding an epidemic (Mast, 1998), so Kerr uses this similarity wisely and accurately. The character Beatrice explains this best; ‘The town has been quarantined. Not because of illness but because of fear of illness’. The first member of the community to fall ill is Michael, a non-local. The treatment of Michael completely changes when Unity finds out he has the Spanish flu, he is treated like ‘

Lockheed Martin Corporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lockheed Martin Corporation - Essay Example Ethics in sustainability, good citizenship, and asset responsibility are fundamental ethical standards that the corporation’ marketing team can use in convincing customers (Lamb, Hair & McDaniel, 2012). Ethical standards set by Lockheed Martin are among key aspects that help the company in luring large markets that it controls across the globe. Most of their ethical standards are elements that form good marketing gears for the marketing team. To acquirer long-term and continual market survival, the business must maintain high ethical standards. Tough rules on ethics are a good indication of competence and high standards of service provision.Lockheed Martin products face stiff competition from some of the major players in the aerospace industry such as Boeing. The only advantage that Lockheed Martin enjoys is customer confidence, even though Boeing also has its loyal customers (Lamb, Hair & McDaniel, 2012). The competing companies, in many cases, violate their set ethics to com pete favorably. Although violation of ethics may be beneficial in the short run, it affects the continuous customer loyalty.